Uses of graphite
Release time:
2022-05-18
1. As refractory materials: Graphite and its products have high-temperature and high-strength properties, mainly used in the metallurgical industry to manufacture graphite crucibles. In steelmaking, graphite is often used as a protective agent for steel ingots and as the lining of metallurgical furnaces. 2. As conductive materials: In the electrical industry, it is used to manufacture electrodes, brushes, carbon rods, carbon tubes, positive electrodes for mercury rectifiers, graphite gaskets, telephone parts, and coatings for television cathode ray tubes, etc. 3. As wear-resistant lubricating materials: Graphite is commonly used as a lubricant in the mechanical industry. Lubricating oils often cannot be used under high-speed, high-temperature, and high-pressure conditions, while graphite wear-resistant materials can operate without lubricating oil at temperatures ranging from 200 to 2000 °C and at very high sliding speeds. Many devices that transport corrosive media widely use graphite materials to make piston cups, sealing rings, and bearings, which do not require the addition of lubricating oil during operation. Graphite slurry is also a good lubricant in many metal processing operations (drawing, pipe pulling). 4. Graphite has good chemical stability. Specially processed graphite has characteristics such as corrosion resistance, good thermal conductivity, and low permeability, making it widely used in the production of heat exchangers, reaction tanks, condensers, combustion towers, absorption towers, coolers, heaters, filters, and pump equipment. It is widely applied in industries such as petrochemicals, hydrometallurgy, acid-base production, synthetic fibers, and papermaking, saving a large amount of metal materials. 5. As casting, sand casting, pressing, and high-temperature metallurgical materials: Due to the small thermal expansion coefficient of graphite and its ability to withstand rapid cooling and heating changes, it can be used as a casting mold for glassware. Using graphite allows black metals to achieve precise casting dimensions and high surface finish rates, which can be used without processing or with minimal processing, thus saving a large amount of metal. In the production of hard alloys and other powder metallurgy processes, graphite materials are typically used to make molds and porcelain boats for sintering. The crystal growth crucibles for single crystal silicon, regional refining containers, support fixtures, and induction heaters are all made from high-purity graphite. Additionally, graphite can also be used for graphite insulation boards and bases for vacuum smelting, high-temperature resistance furnace tubes, rods, plates, and grid components. 6. Used in the atomic energy industry and national defense industry: Graphite has good neutron moderation properties and is used in atomic reactors. The uranium-graphite reactor is currently one of the most commonly used types of atomic reactors. The moderator materials in power atomic energy reactors should have high melting points, stability, and corrosion resistance, which graphite can fully meet. The purity requirements for graphite used in atomic reactors are very high, with impurity content not exceeding several tens of PPM. In particular, the boron content should be less than 0.5 PPM. In the national defense industry, graphite is also used to manufacture nozzles for solid fuel rockets, missile nose cones, parts for space navigation equipment, insulation materials, and radiation protection materials. 7. Graphite can also prevent boiler scaling. Relevant units have tested that adding a certain amount of graphite powder (about 4-5 grams per ton of water) to water can prevent scaling on the boiler surface. In addition, graphite coatings on bridges and pipelines can prevent corrosion and rust. 8. Graphite can be used for pencil leads, pigments, and polishing agents. After special processing, graphite can be made into various special materials for relevant industrial sectors. 9. Electrodes: How graphite can replace copper as an electrode.
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